The current research was conducted with the aim of identifying the employment competencies of educational graduates from the perspective of view of employers. This research was applied in terms of purpose and was among the qualitative researches of Grounded Theory type. The participants of this research included 24 employers in the field of educational (interviewers for the Education recruitment exam, directors of non-state educational institutes, directors and recruitment officers of non-state schools, directors of kindergartens and preschools) in Birjand city. Data were collected using semi-structured interview and analyzed by Strauss and Corbin method and using MAXQDA-2020 software. In order to validate the research, two methods of member control and peer review or feedback were used. Consecutive review and comparison of data resulted in the extraction of 28 categories and 6 themes. Data analysis led to the formation of a sub-theory. The model shows that the focal variable is the process of education and teaching skills. The focal variable, under the influence of contextual and intermediate conditions, leads to the formation of the strategies of "being a lifelong learner", "research skills", "planning skills", "classroom skills and classroom management", "purposefulness" and "problem solving skills". became Finally, "increasing employability" was the consequence of this process.

One of the most important and challenging topics in macroeconomics is the effect of exchange rate volatility on macroeconomic variables especially employment. The main purpose of present research is to examine the hypothesis which is exchange rate volatility has a negative effect on Iran’s employment. In this framework, first using GARCH we’ve measured exchange rate volatility during time period 1974-2007 and then by using OLS we’ve examined the effect of this variable on the employment. Based on the obtained results, the real exchange rate volatility has a negative and significant effect on the employment. Other findings show GDP and real capital stock has a positive and significant effect on the employment.

The issue of labor supply and employment level response to the taxation system is one of the most controversial issues in the theoretical literature of economics with an uncertain outcome. The purpose of the present study is to examine the impact of fiscal policy on employment taxation and to test the hypothesis that taxation has a negative impact on employment rate. For this purpose, the Error Correction Method (ECM), the Toda-Yamamoto causality test and Iran annual time series data were used for the period of 1978-2017. The results of the vector error correction method confirmed a positive and significant relationship between the variables of import tax, GDP and consumer price index, as well as a negative and significant relationship between corporate tax and unemployment rate. Impulse response functions also shows that with the positive shock of corporate tax variables, the unemployment rate increases in the short run and tends to zero in the long run. Also, by creating a positive shock from the import tax variables and the consumer price index, the unemployment rate drops in the short run and tends to zero in the long run. It should be noted that the impact of positive shocks on GDP is on the volatile unemployment rate.

Because of emphasis of exchange rate in macro variable of agriculture sector, exchange rate overshooting has Survey on the employment in the agriculture section. The time series data used of 1978- 2011 in this study. So, Mundell-Fleming and Dornbush Model used for analysis of exchange rate. After survey the exchange rate, estimated Real exchange rate by Vector Auto Regression model (VAR). Then exchange rate overshooting calculated with difference of real exchange rate and residual. In the second step, exchange rate overshooting analyzed on the employment of agriculture section by Auto Regressive Distributed lag model (ARDL). The result show, exchange rate overshooting has important and negative efficacy on the employment of agriculture, capital has positive effect on depend variable. Those shows are natural and expected in the in the economy of Iran. Also Error Correction Model show 29 percent adjustment in each term and will going to near the long-run.

By using panel, this paper investigates the relationship between real exchange rate and manufacturing employment (according to two- digits codes) in Iran economy over the period 2001-2007. An approach to this goal, export volume channel, the labor intensity and efficiency channels are notified. The results of this paper show that increase in real exchange rate induce to increase employment based on export volume and labor intensity channels. Furthermore, the estimation results of efficiency channel show that increase in openness of subsector of industry doesn't affect on manufacturing employment. But direct increase in real exchange rate causes to increase employment in manufacturing industry. By comparing, the estimation results of different channels seem that the increase of real exchange rate has ended to increase manufacturing employment in Iran economy during the period.

The overall aim of the present study was to estimate the time series of agricultural employment in the Gilan province during 1976-2011, and modeling and forecasting employment using artificial neural networks for years 2012-2019. For this purpose, employment series calculated by interpolation and input variables selected based on previous theoretical and empirical research. Finally, number of agricultural work force predicted through designing and training of different neural networks architectures. Required data obtained through population and housing report of 1976-2011 and provincial statistical year books. Results showed that number of employees during the period from 2012-2014 will be lower than in 2011 and then during 2015 to 2019 will be increased. Due to lack of time series data of economic variables at the regional level, this research is an essential and primary step to achieve reliable statistics of number of agricultural employment at provincial level that Provide required data for future studies on labor market and can be used for planning and policy making by related authorities.

The aim of this study was to measure the impact of special economic zones in the northern coastal cities on the employment rate and welfare level of the region from the port and maritime point of view. The statistical population of this study includes managers and experts of special economic zones in three regions of Amirabad, Nowshahr and Astara. Creating special economic zones is one of the goals of governance, regional and national planning, which is done with the aim of increasing employment and public welfare. Implementing such programs requires extensive costs and activities, the consequences of which must be time-consuming and costly. According to available statistics, there are a total of 136 people. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The validity of the questionnaire was evaluated and validated by analyze factors. Cronbach's alpha of the general questionnaire reliability was calculated to be 0.875. The results of the data analysis by Lisrel showed that special economic zones in the northern coastal cities affect the employment rate. But there wasn't signification relationship between special economic and welfare level.